New insights from population genomics into the invasive Lantana camara L species complex

Abstract

Extensive morphological diversity in the invasive L. camara species complex has resisted clear taxonomic characterisation, yet molecular studies to date have revealed minimal genetic structure. Analysis of thousands of genome-wide markers successfully detects differentiation among sub-lineages within the complex, revealing that two of the morphological variants in Australia comprise multiple, distinct lineages. The common pinkflowering morphotype appears to be monophyletic, whereas the pink-edged red flowering morphotype does not. Pending further investigation and expanded sampling, these findings hold promise for improving weed management through a deeper understanding of the systematics of the L. camara complex (e.g., by enabling selection of biological control agents that are best matched with target host populations).