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Human Hendra Virus Encephalitis Associated with Equine Outbreak, Australia, 2008

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Playford, E. G., McCall, B., Smith, G., Slinko, V., Allen, G., Smith, I., Moore, F., Taylor, C., Kung, Y.-H. and Field, H. (2010) Human Hendra Virus Encephalitis Associated with Equine Outbreak, Australia, 2008. Emerging Infectious Disease journal, 16 (2). p. 219. ISSN 1080-6059

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.3201/eid1602.090552

Publisher URL: https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/16/2/09-0552_article

Abstract

A recent Hendra virus outbreak at a veterinary clinic in Brisbane, Queensland, Australia, involved 5 equine and 2 human infections. In contrast to previous outbreaks, infected horses had predominantly encephalitic, rather than respiratory, signs. After an incubation period of 9–16 days, influenza-like illnesses developed in the 2 persons before progressing to encephalitis; 1 died. Both patients were given ribavirin. Basal serum and cerebrospinal fluid levels were 10–13 mg/L after intravenous administration and 6 mg/L after oral administration (isolate 90% inhibitory concentration 64 mg/L). Both patients were exposed to infected horses, 1 during the late incubation period in a horse. The attack rate for veterinary clinic staff exposed to infected horses was 10%. An isolate from this outbreak showed genetic heterogeneity with isolates from a concurrent, but geographically remote, outbreak and from previous outbreaks. Emergence of Hendra virus is a serious medical, veterinary, and public health challenge.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Biosecurity Queensland
Additional Information:Open access
Keywords:Australia encephalitis equines Hendra virus Henipavirus Paramyxoviridae research ribavirin viruses
Subjects:Veterinary medicine > Veterinary virology
Veterinary medicine > Veterinary epidemiology. Epizootiology
Veterinary medicine > Communicable diseases of animals (General)
Live Archive:10 Dec 2020 05:32
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:46

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