Biology of Macadamia flower caterpillar (Homoeosoma vagella Zell.)

Abstract

The life history, habits and seasonal incidence of Homoeosoma vagella, a pest of macadamia nuts in Queensland, are described. The insect attacks the flowers of the macadamias and is known only from proteaceous hosts. As populations are low during winter, early flowerings of M. integrifolia types usually escape serious damage. The destruction of flowers in September-October often results in severe reduction of yields. A number of natural enemies are believed to be important in regulating numbers of H. vagella. Control measures are discussed.