Can we grow certified eucalypt plantations in sub-tropical Australia?

Abstract

In the past few years, several Australian forestry companies have set in place procedures for certification in sustainable forest management (FSC, AFS or ISO 14001). Eucalypt plantation forestry in sub-tropical New South Wales and Queensland is unique in Australia, with the majority of plantations grown for long rotation sawlogs, and a range of tree species different to that planted for pulp in southern Australia. The major insect pests in this region are multivoltine and active for much of the year, due to the warmer climate and short, milder winters. Monitoring is essential for correct timing of insecticide application. However, effective monitoring for insect pests over extended periods of insect activity is difficult due to limited resources of forestry companies in Australia. Chemical control of an important native pest of eucalypt plantations in sub-tropical Australia, Creiis lituratus, has proven difficult due to re-infestation and the need for regular spraying over several months. The only insecticide currently registered for this pest, dimethoate, is deemed 'unacceptale' for FSC certification, and some being tested (e.g., imidacloprid) are 'marginally' acceptable. This paper discusses regional issues for cost-effective manangement of insect pests in relation to certification, including targeted use of slow-release systemic insecticides and insect-based pheromones.