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Plant and Seed Mortality of Fireweed Senecio madagascariensis Following Herbicide Application

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Wijayabandara, K., Campbell, S. D., Vitelli, J. S. and Adkins, S. W. (2019) Plant and Seed Mortality of Fireweed Senecio madagascariensis Following Herbicide Application. Proceedings, 36 (1). ISSN 2504-3900

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Article Link: https://doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036160

Publisher URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2504-3900/36/1/160

Abstract

Fireweed (Senecio madagascariensis Poir), is a weed of National significance and one of the worst weeds of coastal pastures in South Eastern Australia. Chemical control has been found to be effective in killing plants but there is no information on the effect of herbicides on the seeds that may be present on plants at the time of application. Consequently, a study was undertaken to determine the effect of five selective herbicides (1) on plant mortality at different life stages and (2) on the viability (as assessed by germination) of fireweeds seeds at different stages of maturity. Potted plants of the required growth stages were obtained through several collections of different sized seedlings from a field site near Brisbane. Before herbicide application, in the mature plant cohort the inflorescences were tagged according to their maturity as being either immature (IM) or intermediate (INT). Plants were sprayed with either fluroxypyr/aminopyralid (HotShot™) (A), bromoxynil (Bromicide® 200) (B), metsulfuron-methyl (Brush-Off®) (C), triclopyr/picloram/aminopyralid (Grazon™ extra) (D), triclopyr/picloram/aminopyralid (TordonTM regrowthMaster) (E) at the recommended rates with untreated control plants of the three growth stages also included for comparison. All herbicides killed fireweed seedlings and juvenile plants, but only treatments A, D and E gave high plant mortality (>80%) of mature plants. All herbicides also caused nil germination of seeds collected 30 days after spraying, except for a small percentage (8% germination) of mature seeds from Bromoxynil treated plants. These results have identified several herbicides capable of killing mature fireweed plants and minimizing replenishment of soil seed reserves.

Item Type:Article
Business groups:Biosecurity Queensland
Keywords:fireweed herbicide germination
Subjects:Science > Invasive Species > Plants > Effect of herbicides
Science > Invasive Species > Plants > Integrated weed control
Science > Invasive Species > Plants > Weed ecology
Live Archive:11 Aug 2020 06:08
Last Modified:13 Apr 2023 02:19

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