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Mechanisms of Phosphine Toxicity

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Nath, N. S., Bhattacharya, I., Tuck, A. G., Schlipalius, D. I. and Ebert, P. R. (2011) Mechanisms of Phosphine Toxicity. Journal of Toxicology, 2011 , 494168. pp. 1-9.

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Article Link: http://doi.org/10.1155/2011/494168

Publisher URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/494168

Abstract

Fumigation with phosphine gas is by far the most widely used treatment for the protection of stored grain against insect pests. The development of high-level resistance in insects now threatens its continued use. As there is no suitable chemical to replace phosphine, it is essential to understand the mechanisms of phosphine toxicity to increase the effectiveness of resistance management. Because phosphine is such a simple molecule (PH3), the chemistry of phosphorus is central to its toxicity. The elements above and below phosphorus in the periodic table are nitrogen (N) and arsenic (As), which also produce toxic hydrides, namely, NH3 and AsH3. The three hydrides cause related symptoms and similar changes to cellular and organismal physiology, including disruption of the sympathetic nervous system, suppressed energy metabolism and toxic changes to the redox state of the cell. We propose that these three effects are interdependent contributors to phosphine toxicity.

Item Type:Article
Subjects:Plant culture > Harvesting, curing, storage
Plant pests and diseases > Pest control and treatment of diseases. Plant protection > Pesticides
Live Archive:28 Mar 2019 23:36
Last Modified:03 Sep 2021 16:45

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