Enhancing feral pig management through spatial research: real-world applications

Abstract

Feral pigs (Sus scrofa) are an invasive species that cause significant ecological and economic damage worldwide. Feral pig management programs are often implemented in an ad hoc manner, lacking the coordination and precision needed for effective population management. Poor understanding of the ecology of feral pigs often results in ill-considered placement of control tools, limiting long-term success. As such, improvements are necessary for developing more effective and efficient programs.

A collaborative project involving the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (DAF), Southern Queensland Landscapes (SQL), and Western Downs Regional Council (WDRC) will focus on utilising spatial science to enhance feral pig management in southern Queensland. Research indicates that feral pigs exhibit habitat preferences related to canopy cover, proximity to water, cultivation and vegetative ecotones. However, the challenge remains to apply scientific findings to practical feral pig management.

To improve the effectiveness and efficiencies of broadscale coordinated aerial shooting programs, research outcomes will be field tested on the Western Downs, Queensland. The study will encompass three locations representing different land use types, including cropping, grazing, and mixed cropping and grazing areas. Aerial shooting will be evaluated through two approaches: the traditional method based on contractor experience and an alternative approach informed by spatially-mapped "core habitat" areas. Aerial surveys will be conducted to measure changes in pig abundance before and after control events. Results will be used to develop case studies of best-practice aerial shooting. The goal of this research is to bridge the gap between academic research and its practical application on the ground by land managers.